Lightning arrester



Nov. 3, 1925. 155935? E. A. EVERETT LIGHTNING AERESTER Filed Feb. 11,1925 4. This invention is constructed along Patented Nov. 3, 1925.

UNITED STATES EDWARD A. EVERETT, OF LONG ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK.

LIGHTNING ARRESTER.

Application filed February 11, 1925. Serial No. 8,322.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD A. Evnnn'rr, a citizen of the United States,and resident of Long Island City, in the county of Queens and State ofNew York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Lightning.Arresters, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to lightning arresters such as are used ontelegraph lines? in railway signaling and has for an object to providea'device of this kind which issimple in construction, comparatively inexnsive and which cannot readily get out 0 order. These objects areobtained by the construe tion described in the following specificationand shown in the accompanying drawings, in which, Fig. 1 is an elevationof an arrester embodying my invention with the-insulated base showninsection, Fig. 2 is a lan view looking on top of the arrester, Fig. 3is-an enlarged detail, and Fig. 4 is a side elevation corresponding toFig. 3,;and Figs. 5 and 6 are alternatives to Figs. 3 ariid 1;".8 linesshown in U. S. Patent 1,401,596 issued to me on Dec. 27, 1921, withcertain improvements added thereto.

This arrester is of the spark gap. typ, having a block of carborundum orother rcfractory material connected to the ground terminal and metallicstrips withsaw teeth surrounding the refractory block and connected tothe line wires. The novelty in the present construction resides inmaintaining a spark gap of uniform clearance which does not vary withvariations in the size of the carborundum block and can be reassembledwith precision. 1

In the drawings 11 is the porcelain base of the arrestersupporting thebinding post 12 to which the line wire 13 is connected a hole in theporcelain and through a hole 24 in the plate 21 and around the bindingpost at 19. .In the latter construction the connect1on between thepostand coil is readily inspected.

Clamped by the post 12 is the metallic plate 21 and clamped by the post14 is a similar metallic plate 22. These plates are slotted for the postopening as indicated at 23, Figs. 3 or 5, so as to provide for lateralmovement. The central post 25 is provided with a strip connector 26which may connect to an adjacent arrester or may connect to ground. Onthis post the carborundum block 27 is placed. This block, as shown, isin 'the form of a wheel and is located in a circular recess in theporcelain base 11.

: Surrounding the periphery of this wheel are the sectors of a ring ofinsulating material,

preferably bakelite, as indicated at 29 Fig. 3, or at 41 Fig. 5. Thesering sectors are narrower than the wheel and fit into semicircularrecesses in the porcelain between the projections 28 which prevent thering sections from rotating.

shown. The ring sectors are thus prevented from rising by the teeth ofthese plates and the teeth are accurately spaced from the The metallicplates 21 and 22 are formed I wheel by the thickness of the ring sectorsif when the lugs 31 bear against 29.

It will be noted that plate 22 engages the *.wheel 27 through the ringsectors on each i -edge and is thereb automatically aligne and thebinding post 14 to which the line/with the wheel. It is apparent thatthe arwire 15 is connected. The terminal posts 12 and 1 1 are usuallyconnected by the choke coil 16 located in a recess in the base itl Theterminal postsare provided with squareheads as at 20 which engage asquare recess in the porcelain and are thus revented from turning underthe tension 0 the nuts on the binding posts. The chokecoil 16 may beconnected to the binding posts as at 17 by a binding nut on an extensionof the stem of the post, or the end of the coil as indicated at 18 maybe brought out through 1rester can be taken apart and reassembled "andthe accuracy of the spacing of the spark gap points will be maintained.

In certain types of arrester carbon is formed by the discharge oflightning and which, if accumulated around the discharge points mightform a short circuit. For this reason it is common practice to provide aspace below the discharge points so that carbon cannot form around thesepoints. This is secured in the alternative construction shown in Figs. 5and 6. In this con- .struction the insulated ring sector 41 is formedwith an annular ledge at 42 and the lugs 43 on plate 22 are deflected toengage the ledge as shown while the. spark gap teeth are locatedslightly above this sector which, as shown, is comparatively narrowopposite. the teeth. This insures a space below the spark gap teethwhile the lugs 43 hold the sector in place against the wheel 27. Thelugs43 thus accurately spaces the plates 22 from the refractory blockand hold the insulated sectors 41 in place.

Attention is called to the fact that the ring sectors might be made inthe form or a complete circle around the wheel but the shown as ofcircular formation but this invention may be applied with equal resultsto a rectangular shaped block.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1-. A lightning arrester as described comprising an insulated base, apair of wire terminals on said base, a grounded refractory memberbetween said terminals, ,st rips of insulation placed with their fiatsides against said member and a pair of metallic strips having dischargepointsclamped by said terminals and bearing against strips ofinsulation.-

2. A lightning arrester as described comprising an insulated base, apair of wire terminals on said base, a refractory member on said-basebetween said terminals, strips of insulation placed against oppositesides said flected lugs arranged to engage said insulation strips.

3. A lightning arrester. as described comprising an insulated base, a.pair of wire terminals on said base, a circular refractory member onsaid base between said terminals, ring sectors of insulation placed ingrooves in said base adjacent said member, a pair of metallic platesclamped by said terminals and extended towards said member, said platesarranged toengage said insulation sectors and to hold them in place.

4. A lightning arrester as described comprising an insulated base, awire terminal and a refractory member on said base, a strip ofinsulation placed in a groove in said base ad'acent said member, ametallic plate clampe by said terminal, said plate having dischargepoints extended towards said member and deflected lugs engaging said"insulation strip whereby said teeth are spaced from member.

A lightning arrester as described comprising an insulated base with-awire terminal, a refractory member, a strip of insulation havingaprojecting ridge placed against said member and a metallic plate. saidplate clamped by said terminal in discharge relation to said member andengaging the ridge of saidinsulation.

6. In a lightning arrester as described, the combination of aninsulating base with a pair of terminals, a refractory member partiallyenclosed by strips of insulation placed in a groove in said base betweensaid terminals, metallic plates clamped by said terminals in dischargerelation to said member .and means whereby said plates andinsulatingstripsare engaged in locking'relation.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York this27th day of January A. D. 1925.

.- EDWARD A. EVERETT.

